This session examines the Full Court’s decision in Tredders Investments Pty Ltd as trustee for Warren Tredrea Trust v Channel 9 South Australia Pty Ltd (No 3) [2025] FCAFC 125. The case is the latest in a line of authorities rejecting attempts to discharge debts through self-issued promissory notes and pseudo-legal instruments. Drawing on the Bills of Exchange Act 1909, the Currency Act 1965, the Court reaffirmed that a promissory note is a contractual security, not legal tender, and only operates as conditional payment if the creditor consents.

Case Summary

  • The appellants argued that by tendering a $140,000 promissory note, and stipulating it was “deemed accepted” if not returned within 72 hours, they had paid Channel 9’s costs.

  • The Court held the earlier $126,000 settlement offer had lapsed, so no contract arose.

  • A promissory note does not discharge a debt unless the creditor agrees. Channel 9 expressly rejected the note, and legislation does not compel acceptance.

  • The Court fixed costs at $149,000 by way of a lump sum order, preferring finality over drawn out taxation.

Discussion Focus

  • What constitutes legal tender under Australian law, and the limited role of bills of exchange and promissory notes

  • Why self-issued notes cannot be imposed unilaterally on creditors or the ATO

  • How courts treat pseudo-legal payment arguments in debt and tax enforcement contexts

The case illustrates the clear line between lawful modes of payment and attempts to evade liability through self-created instruments, a recurring theme in tax debt disputes and litigation over enforcement.

Please see below link to case materials which is assumed reading in order to participate in the discussion:

Tredders Investments Pty Ltd as trustee for Warren Tredrea Trust v Channel 9 South Australia Pty Ltd 

Discussion led by Adrian Cartland.